Indonesia's Community Driven Development Programs

An annotated bibliography that compiles articles, evaluations, studies, and other materials that reflect the lessons learned from 15 years of research on community-driven development projects and programs in Indonesia.

For more than fifteen years, Indonesia has been pioneering and implementing various community-driven development (CDD) projects and programs.

Beginning in 1997, when the Kecamatan Development Project (KDP) was piloted in 25 villages, Indonesia has pioneered the design, management, and expansion of projects that give communities more control over the plans and resources that shape their towns and villages. In 2007, the Government decided to scale up the KDP nationwide and renamed it the National Program for Community Empowerment (Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri or PNPM Mandiri), ultimately reaching more than 70,000 villages and urban wards across the archipelago.

This annotated bibliography draws together articles, evaluations, studies, and other materials that reflect the lessons learned from fifteen years of research, covering a broad array of topics connected to KDP and PNPM Mandiri, including program design and management, participation and empowerment, transparency and accountability, microcredit, relations with government and civil society organizations, and the effectiveness of CDD approaches in urban areas and post- conflict situations. Most of the materials included here were published by the PNPM Support Facility (PSF), a multi-donor trust fund facility managed by the World Bank on behalf of the Government of Indonesia. 

Source: World Bank Group
Author information: Ian Pollock, Anita Kendrick

Year of publication: 2015